This paper aims to study citizenship in the Arab world from a historical descriptive perspective, highlighting the way in which citizenship in the Arab world grew without crystallizing. The research argues that citizenship was almost absent from the Arab historical experience until the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century when the new Arab nationalist movement clashed with the Turkish Turanian tendency of the Ottoman Empire. During the Western colonial phase of the Arab world, Arab citizenship witnessed exponential growth. Later, after obtaining independence, the contemporary Arab states attempted to build a new concept of country citizenship by imitating the Western model of state-nationhood. However, these attempts did not succeed due to internal and external reasons.